RESEARCH PAPER
Self-efficacy as a mediator of the relationship between meaning in life and subjective well-being in cardiac patients
| 1 | Institute of Psychology, University of Opole, Poland |
Submission date: 2019-01-24
Final revision date: 2019-06-23
Acceptance date: 2019-06-24
Online publication date: 2019-10-21
Publication date: 2019-11-04
Current Issues in Personality Psychology 2019;7(3):242–251
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Background:
The theoretical framework and empirical data suggest that the relationship between meaning in life and well-being might be mediated by self-efficacy. Based on the cognitive-affective processing system (CAPS), self-concordance model and empirical data, we assume that self-efficacy might also act as a mediator between meaning in life and subjective well-being in cardiac patients.
Participants and procedure:
This study was conducted in cardiology units in Poland. Patients who met the inclusion/exclusion criteria were approached by research assistants in the inpatient clinic and outpatient centre in a cardiology unit in Poland. Results of the 176 participants (82 women and 94 men) aged from 45 to 82 years (M = 58.56, SD = 8.25) were included in this study.
Results:
Meaning in life and self-efficacy were significantly related to the each other and two dimensions of subjective well-being. Using path analysis we confirmed the direct effects of meaning in life on life satisfaction and posi-tive affect and indirect effects of meaning in life on life satisfaction, positive affect, and negative affect. Self-efficacy was found to be a partial mediator in the relationship between meaning in life with life satisfaction and positive affect. As there was no direct path between meaning in life and negative affect, meaning in life was a full mediator between these factors.
Conclusions:
The present study shows the complexity of the relationship between purpose-oriented personality trait and chronic patients’ well-being. This finding provides a solid foundation for further investigation of the influence of personality traits on patients’ functioning and well-being.
The theoretical framework and empirical data suggest that the relationship between meaning in life and well-being might be mediated by self-efficacy. Based on the cognitive-affective processing system (CAPS), self-concordance model and empirical data, we assume that self-efficacy might also act as a mediator between meaning in life and subjective well-being in cardiac patients.
Participants and procedure:
This study was conducted in cardiology units in Poland. Patients who met the inclusion/exclusion criteria were approached by research assistants in the inpatient clinic and outpatient centre in a cardiology unit in Poland. Results of the 176 participants (82 women and 94 men) aged from 45 to 82 years (M = 58.56, SD = 8.25) were included in this study.
Results:
Meaning in life and self-efficacy were significantly related to the each other and two dimensions of subjective well-being. Using path analysis we confirmed the direct effects of meaning in life on life satisfaction and posi-tive affect and indirect effects of meaning in life on life satisfaction, positive affect, and negative affect. Self-efficacy was found to be a partial mediator in the relationship between meaning in life with life satisfaction and positive affect. As there was no direct path between meaning in life and negative affect, meaning in life was a full mediator between these factors.
Conclusions:
The present study shows the complexity of the relationship between purpose-oriented personality trait and chronic patients’ well-being. This finding provides a solid foundation for further investigation of the influence of personality traits on patients’ functioning and well-being.
REFERENCES (60)
2.
Arvidsdotter, T., Marklund, B., Taft, C., & Kylén, S. (2015). Quality of life, sense of coherence and experiences with three different treatments in patients with psychological distress in primary care: a mixed-methods study. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 15, 132–143. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906....
3.
Bandura, A. (1978). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Advances in Behav-iour Research and Therapy, 1, 139–161. https://doi.org/10.1016/0146-6....
4.
Bandura, A. (1982). Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency. American Psychologist, 37, 122–147. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-0....
5.
Bandura, A. (1993). Perceived self-efficacy in cognitive development and functioning. Educational Psychologist, 28, 117–148. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15326....
6.
Bandura, A. (1995). Self-efficacy in changing societies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
7.
Blackburn, L., & Owens, G. P. (2015). The effect of self-efficacy and meaning in life on posttraumatic stress disorder and depression severity among veterans. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 71, 219–228. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.2....
8.
Błażek, M., Kaźmierczak, M., & Besta, T. (2015). Sense of purpose in life and escape from self as the predictors of quality of life in clinical samples. Journal of Religion and Health, 54, 517–523. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943....
9.
Byun, M. K., Hyun, H. K., Park, S. J., & Choi, E. Y. (2017). Efficacy of well-being program for mean-ing of life, self-efficacy, and successive aging in the elderly. Journal of the Korea Academia – In-dustrial Cooperation Society, 18, 413–422. https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2....
10.
Calandri, E., Graziano, F., Borghi, M., & Bonino, S. (2018). Depression, positive and negative affect, optimism and health-related quality of life in recently diagnosed multiple sclerosis patients: the role of identity, sense of coherence, and self-efficacy. Journal of Happiness Studies, 19, 277–295. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902....
11.
Chamberlain, K., & Zika, S. (1988). Religiosity, life meaning and wellbeing: Some relationships in a sample of women. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 27, 411–420. https://doi.org/10.2307/138737....
12.
Craner, J., Douglas, K. V., Dierkhising, R., Hathaway, J., Goel, K., & Thomas, R. J. (2017). Associa-tions of baseline depressed mood and happiness with subsequent well-being in cardiac patients. Social Science and Medicine, 174, 209–212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socs....
13.
DeWitz, S. J., Woolsey, M. L., & Walsh, W. B. (2009). College student retention: An exploration of the relationship between self-efficacy beliefs and purpose in life among college students. Journal of College Student Development, 50, 19–34. https://doi.org/10.1353/csd.0.....
14.
Dezutter, J., Luyckx, K., & Wachholtz, A. (2015). Meaning in life in chronic pain patients over time: associations with pain experience and psychological well-being. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 38, 384–396. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865....
15.
Diener, E. (2009). The science of well-being. Social Indicators Research Series, 37, 11–58. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90....
16.
Diener, E. D., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The satisfaction with life scale. Jour-nal of Personality Assessment, 49, 71–75. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327....
17.
Frankl, V. E. (1963). Man’s search for meaning: An introduction to logotherapy. New York: Washington Square Press.
18.
Guerrero-Torrelles, M., Monforte-Royo, C., Rodríguez-Prat, A., Porta-Sales, J., & Balaguer, A. (2017). Understanding meaning in life interventions in patients with advanced disease: A systematic review and realist synthesis. Palliative Medicine, 31, 798–813. https://doi.org/10.1177/026921....
19.
Ho, K. K., Pinsky, J. L., Kannel, W. B., & Levy, D. (1993). The epidemiology of heart failure: The Framingham Study. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 22, 6–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/0735-1....
20.
Ho, M. Y., Cheung, F. M., & Cheung, S. F. (2010). The role of meaning in life and optimism in promot-ing well-being. Personality and Individual Differences, 48, 658–663. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid....
21.
Jafary, F., Farahbakhsh, K., Shafiabadi, A., & Delavar, A. (2011). Quality of life and menopause: De-veloping a theoretical model based on meaning in life, self-efficacy beliefs, and body image. Ag-ing and Mental Health, 15, 630–637. https://doi.org/10.1080/136078....
22.
Joekes, K., Van Elderen, T., & Schreurs, K. (2007). Self-efficacy and overprotection are related to quality of life, psychological well-being and self-management in cardiac patients. Journal of Health Psychology, 12, 4–16. https://doi.org/10.1177/135910....
23.
Juczyński, Z. (2001). Narzędzia pomiaru w promocji i psychologii zdrowia [Tools of measurement in the promotion and psychology of health]. Warszawa: Pracownia Testów Psychologicznych PTP.
24.
Karademas, E. C. (2006). Self-efficacy, social support and well-being: The mediating role of opti-mism. Personality and Individual Differences, 40, 1281–1290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid....
25.
Karademas, E. C. (2007). Positive and negative aspects of well-being: Common and specific predic-tors. Personality and Individual Differences, 43, 277–287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid....
26.
Krok, D. (2009). Religijność a jakość życia w perspektywie mediatorów psychospołecznych [Religious-ness and quality of life in the perspective of psychosocial mediators]. Opole: Redakcja Wydaw-nictw WTUO.
27.
Krok, D. (2011). Poczucie sensu życia a dobrostan psychiczny [Meaning in life and well-being]. Psy-chologia Jakości Życia, 10, 95–115.
28.
Krok, D. (2015a). The role of meaning in life within the relations of religious coping and psychological well-being. Journal of Religion and Health, 54, 2292–2308. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943....
29.
Krok, D. (2015b). The mediating role of optimism in the relations between sense of coherence, sub-jective and psychological well-being among late adolescents. Personality and Individual Differ-ences, 85, 134–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid....
30.
Krok, D., & Telka, E. (2018). Optimism mediates the relationships between meaning in life and subjec-tive and psychological well-being among late adolescents. Current Issues in Personality Psycholo-gy, 7, 32–42. https://doi.org/10.5114/cipp.2....
31.
Liu, C., Cheng, Y., Hsu, A. S., Chen, C., Liu, J., & Yu, G. (2018). Optimism and self-efficacy mediate the association between shyness and subjective well-being among Chinese working adults. PloS One, 13, e0194559. https://doi.org/10.1371/journa....
32.
Luszczynska, A., Gutierrez-Dona, B., & Schwarzer, R. (2005). General self-efficacy in various domains of human functioning: Evidence from five countries. International Journal of Psychology, 40, 80–89. https://doi.org/10.1080/002075....
33.
Magaletta, P. R., & Oliver, J. M. (1999). The hope construct, will, and ways: Their relations with self‐efficacy, optimism, and general well‐being. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 55, 539–551. https://doi.org/.
35.
Machell, K. A., Kashdan, T. B., Short, J. L., & Nezlek, J. B. (2015). Relationships between meaning in life, social and achievement events, and positive and negative affect in daily life. Journal of Per-sonality, 83, 287–298. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.1....
36.
MacKinnon, D. P., Lockwood, C. M., & Williams, J. (2004). Confidence limits for the indirect effect: Distribution of the product and resampling methods. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 39, 99–128. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327....
37.
McGee, H. (2007). Health-related quality of life in cardiac patients. In J. Perk, P. Mathes, H. Gohlke, C. Monpère, I. Hellemans, H. McGee, P. Sellier, & H. Saner (Eds.), Cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation (pp. 256–268). London: Springer.
38.
Mischel, W., & Shoda, Y. (1995). A cognitive-affective system theory of personality: Reconceptualiz-ing situations, dispositions, dynamics, and invariance in personality structure. Psychological Re-view, 102, 246–268. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2....
39.
Pajares, F. (1996). Self-efficacy beliefs in academic settings. Review of Educational Research, 66, 543–578. https://doi.org/10.3102/003465....
40.
Park, C. L., Malone, M. R., Suresh, D. P., Bliss, D., & Rosen, R. I. (2008). Coping, meaning in life, and quality of life in congestive heart failure patients. Quality of Life Research, 17, 21–26. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136....
41.
Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and com-paring indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40, 879‒891. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.40....
42.
Robinson-Smith, G., Johnston, M. V., & Allen, J. (2000). Self-care self-efficacy, quality of life, and depression after stroke. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 81, 460–464. https://doi.org/10.1053/mr.200....
43.
Roger, V. L., Go, A. S., Lloyd-Jones, D. M., Adams, R. J., Berry, J. D., Brown, T. M., ... & Wylie-Rosett, J. (2011). Heart disease and stroke statistics – 2011 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation, 123, e18–e209. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0b....
44.
Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 1069–1081. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3....
45.
Schulenberg, S. E., Smith, C. V., Drescher, C. F., & Buchanan, E. M. (2016). Assessment of meaning in adolescents receiving clinical services in Mississippi following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill: An application of the Purpose in Life Test – Short Form (PIL‐SF). Journal of Clinical Psychology, 72, 1279–1286. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.2....
46.
Schwarzer, R., Bäßler, J., Kwiatek, P., Schröder, K., & Zhang, J. X. (1997). The assessment of opti-mistic self‐beliefs: comparison of the German, Spanish, and Chinese versions of the general self‐efficacy scale. Applied Psychology, 46, 69–88. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464....
47.
Schwarzer, R., & Jerusalem, M. (1995). Generalised Self-Efficacy Scale. In J. Weinman, S. Wright, & M. Johnston (Eds.), Measures in health psychology: A user’s portfolio. Causal and control beliefs (pp. 35–37). Windsor, UK: Nfer-Nelson.
48.
Sheldon, K. M., & Cooper, M. L. (2008). Goal striving within agentic and communal roles: Separate but functionally similar pathways to enhanced well‐being. Journal of Personality, 76, 415–448. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467....
49.
Steger, M. F. (2012). Making meaning in life. Psychological Inquiry, 23, 381–385. https://doi.org/10.1080/104784....
50.
Steger, M. F., Frazier, P., Oishi, S., & Kaler, M. (2006). The meaning in life questionnaire: assessing the presence of and search for meaning in life. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53, 80‒93. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0....
51.
Steger, M. F., & Kashdan, T. B. (2007). Stability and specificity of meaning in life and life satisfaction over one year. Journal of Happiness Studies, 8, 161‒179. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902....
52.
Steger, M. F., Kashdan, T. B., Sullivan, B. A., & Lorentz, D. (2008). Understanding the search for meaning in life: Personality, cognitive style, and the dynamic between seeking and experiencing meaning. Journal of Personality, 76, 199–228. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467....
53.
Strobel, M., Tumasjan, A., & Spörrle, M. (2011). Be yourself, believe in yourself, and be happy: Self‐efficacy as a mediator between personality factors and subjective well‐being. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 52, 43–48. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467....
54.
Sullivan, M. D., Lacroix, A. Z., Russo, J., & Katon, W. J. (1998). Self-efficacy and self-reported func-tional status in coronary heart disease: a six-month prospective study. Psychosomatic Medicine, 60, 473–478. https://doi.org/10.1097/000068....
55.
Watson, D., & Clark, L. A. (1999). The PANAS-X: Manual for the positive and negative affect schedule-expanded form. Iowa: The University of Iowa.
56.
Wong, P. T. (1998). Implicit theories of meaningful life and the development of the personal meaning profile. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
57.
Wong, P. T. (2012). Toward a dual-systems model of what makes life worth living. In P.T. Wong (Ed.), The human quest for meaning (pp. 49–68). London, New York: Routledge.
58.
Yoon, J. S. (2002). Teacher characteristics as predictors of teacher-student relationships: Stress, negative affect, and self-efficacy. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 30, 485–493. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.20....
59.
Zhao, X., Lynch Jr, J. G., & Chen, Q. (2010). Reconsidering Baron and Kenny: Myths and truths about mediation analysis. Journal of Consumer Research, 37, 197–206. https://doi.org/10.1086/651257.
60.
Zika, S., & Chamberlain, K. (1992). On the relation between meaning in life and psychological well‐being. British Journal of Psychology, 83, 133–145. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044....
RELATED ARTICLE
We process personal data collected when visiting the website. The function of obtaining information about users and their behavior is carried out by voluntarily entered information in forms and saving cookies in end devices. Data, including cookies, are used to provide services, improve the user experience and to analyze the traffic in accordance with the Privacy policy. Data are also collected and processed by Google Analytics tool (more).
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.