RESEARCH PAPER
Extraversion and focus of attention on facial emotions: an experimental eye-tracking study
1
Institute of Psychology, School of Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University, Denmark
2
Department of Design, Norwegian University of Technology and Science, Campus Gjovik, Norway
3
Institute of Psychology, Norway Inland University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
Submission date: 2019-02-16
Final revision date: 2019-04-18
Acceptance date: 2019-04-23
Online publication date: 2019-05-29
Publication date: 2019-06-24
Current Issues in Personality Psychology 2019;7(2):91-97
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Background:
Emotions and personality traits seem to be important factors affecting social attention. In the present study, we used eye-tracking equipment to investigate the differences between extraverts and introverts in visual attention to positive and negative emotions shown in human faces. We want to describe more detailed types of eye movements in this visual attention, and especially pat-terns of spatial and temporal fixations. Based on previous research we would expect that extraverts would be more attentive to faces showing positive emotions compared to introverts.
Participants and procedure:
Emotions and personality traits seem to be important factors affecting social attention. The current study investigated differences between extraverts’ and introverts’ visual attentional focus on positive and negative emotions expressed in human faces.
Results:
Compared to the introverts group, extraverts showed significantly longer average fixation duration (AFD) for whole faces per-ceived to express positive emotions. There were no significant differences between the groups for dwelling time (DT), entry time (ET), and first fixation (FF). However, the extraversion group showed significantly longer DT, FF and AFD attention towards the mouth area compared to the introverts.
Conclusions:
Extraverts seem to show a selective visual attentional bias towards positive emotions in human faces, particularly towards the mouth area of smiling faces compared to introverts. The study showed that the visual mechanisms behind this selective attention were differences in temporal fixation patterns such as average fixation duration, dwelling time and first fixation time.
Emotions and personality traits seem to be important factors affecting social attention. In the present study, we used eye-tracking equipment to investigate the differences between extraverts and introverts in visual attention to positive and negative emotions shown in human faces. We want to describe more detailed types of eye movements in this visual attention, and especially pat-terns of spatial and temporal fixations. Based on previous research we would expect that extraverts would be more attentive to faces showing positive emotions compared to introverts.
Participants and procedure:
Emotions and personality traits seem to be important factors affecting social attention. The current study investigated differences between extraverts’ and introverts’ visual attentional focus on positive and negative emotions expressed in human faces.
Results:
Compared to the introverts group, extraverts showed significantly longer average fixation duration (AFD) for whole faces per-ceived to express positive emotions. There were no significant differences between the groups for dwelling time (DT), entry time (ET), and first fixation (FF). However, the extraversion group showed significantly longer DT, FF and AFD attention towards the mouth area compared to the introverts.
Conclusions:
Extraverts seem to show a selective visual attentional bias towards positive emotions in human faces, particularly towards the mouth area of smiling faces compared to introverts. The study showed that the visual mechanisms behind this selective attention were differences in temporal fixation patterns such as average fixation duration, dwelling time and first fixation time.
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